ABSTRACT
Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (ASCs) are considered important tools in regenerative medicine and are being tested in several clinical studies. Porcine models are frequently used to obtain adipose tissue, due to the abundance of material and because they have immunological and physiological similarities with humans. However, it is essential to understand the effects and safe application of ASCs from pigs (pASCs) as an alternative therapy for diseases. Although minipigs are easy-to-handle animals that require less food and space, acquiring and maintaining them in a bioterium can be costly. Thus, we present a protocol for the isolation and proliferation of ASCs isolated from adipose tissue of farm pigs. Adipose tissue samples were extracted from the abdominal region of the animals. Because the pigs were not raised in a controlled environment, such as a bioterium, it was necessary to carry out rigorous procedures for disinfection. After this procedure, cells were isolated by mechanical dissociation and enzymatic digestion. A proliferation curve was performed and used to calculate the doubling time of the population. The characterization of pASCs was performed by immunophenotyping and cell differentiation in osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. The described method was efficient for the isolation and cultivation of pASCs, maintaining cellular attributes, such as surface antigens and multipotential differentiation during in vitro proliferation. This protocol presents the isolation and cultivation of ASCs from farm pig as an alternative for the isolation and cultivation of ASCs from minipigs, which require strictly controlled maintenance conditions and a more expensive process.
ABSTRACT
Avaliaram-se os efeitos da silagem de grãos úmidos de milho e da substituição parcial ou total de milho seco por polpa de citrus sobre a produção e a composição do leite de vacas mantidas em pastejo de capim-elefante, manejado intensivamente. Foram utilizadas 12 vacas da raça Holandesa, "de alta cruza" distribuídas em quatro tratamentos, em delineamento do tipo quadrado latino. Todas as vacas receberam concentrados que diferiram nas fontes de carboidratos: milho-grão seco moído, polpa de citrus mais milho grão seco moído, polpa de citrus e silagem de grãos úmidos de milho. Não foi detectada diferença (P>0,05) na produção de leite total, de leite corrigido para gordura (LCG 3,5) e para sólidos (LCS) entre tratamentos. Vacas que receberam milho-grão seco e silagem de milho de alta umidade apresentaram maior porcentagem de proteína e sólidos totais no leite (P<0,05), e as que receberam polpa de citrus, maior porcentagem de gordura (P<0,01). As que consumiram silagem de grãos úmidos apresentaram menor valor de nitrogênio ureico no leite (P<0,05). A ausência de resposta positiva ao processamento do milho pode ser razão do potencial de produção do sistema em pasto e do estresse calórico sofrido pelos animais. Em critérios de pagamento do leite em que a composição não tem valor econômico definido, qualquer uma das fontes de carboidratos testados no presente estudo pode ser utilizada.
Twelve Holstein dairy cows were assigned to one of four treatments in a 4x4 latin square design. Cows grazed Elephant grass and were supplemented with different concentrates which differed in the carbohydrate source as follows: ground dry corn (MG), citrus pulp plus ground dry corn (MP), citrus pulp (PC), and high moisture corn (MU). There was no difference (P>0.05) between treatments neither in total milk production corrected for 3.5 percent nor in milk production corrected for solids. Cows fed ground dry corn and high moisture corn showed higher levels of milk protein and milk total solids (P<0.05) and cows fed citrus pulp showed higher levels of milk fat (P<0.01). Cows that consumed high moisture corn showed lower levels of milk urea nitrogen (P<0.05), indicating that they used nitrogen more efficiently. The lack of positive statistical response in cows consuming high moisture corn could be caused by the production potential of grazing systems as well as by heat stress. For milk payment criteria without considering composition, any carbohydrate source tested may be used for feeding.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Animal Feed , Food Composition , Milk/chemistry , Silage , Citrus , Food Quality , Zea maysABSTRACT
La experiencia histórica ya enseña a la medicina que cuando una sociedad se empobrece, es previsible un empeoramiento de las condiciones de salud de sus integrantes. Datos del CESNI nos revelan que de la información disponible no surgen tasas elevadas de desnutrición grave ni aguda, siendo frecuente la formación crónica con claras diferencias regionales. Cuando la tarea que ocupa nuestros dias de labor se encuentra dirigida a resolver esta problemática de desnutrición de niños inmersos en situación de pobreza, se nos presenta como un desafío prioritario la búsqueda de alternativas desde lo biológico y lo social que en muchas oportunidades las vivenciamos como impotencia, éxito o fracaso frente a cada niño y su familia. Quizás frente a la desnutrición es donde más se dispersan las acciones médicas y se confunden los tiempos para resolver una patología con una alta carga social. Objetivo: transmitir las vivencias de un grupo de pediatras en el seguimiento de niños desnutridos de 0 a 2 años a través de casos clínicos en un consultorio de riesgo social. Estas reflexiones surgen al revisar historias de niños desnutridos del Consultorio Ayuda a la Crianza del Niño en Riesgo, donde sólo el poder obeservar que la impotencia sobre muchos casos, el fracaso frente a otros, es sostenido por el éxito de la verdadera recuperación de aquellos niños que no engrosan las tasas de desnutrición grave ni aguda y que su seguimiento permite mejorar su calidad de vida.